Generally, chemical-based fumigants are widely used to control the damage caused by insects. Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera), commonly called rice weevil, and Rhyzopertha dominica (L.) (Coleoptera) (common name lesser grain borer), are two of the many primary pests which cause severe global economic losses while red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.) (Coleoptera), is one of the secondary pests that inflicts damage to stored grain pests in many parts of the world. The stored grain insects are known to inflict huge damage to stored grains and pulses through the consumption of kernels or accretion of exuviae, webbing, and cadavers ( Rajashekar et al., 2012). ![]() indica has insecticidal properties and the toxicity may be due to the inhibition of the AChE enzyme in association with oxidative imbalance created on the insect’s antioxidant enzyme systems.Įvery year there is a loss of 5-30 percent of the world’s total agricultural food production due to insect infestation on food grains ( Rajashekar et al., 2010). Finally, we concluded that the enriched fraction of D. GCMS analysis of the enriched fraction indicates three major compounds namely, 6-Hydroxy-4,4,7a-trimethyl-5,6,7,7a-tetrahydrobenzofuran-2(4H)-one, 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, and Benzothiazole, 2-(2-hydroxyethylthio). It was also found that the enriched fraction caused a significant oxidative imbalance in the antioxidative enzyme system such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). dominica with LC 50 value of 88.57 µg/ml, 97.07 µg/ml, and 66.31 µg/ml respectively, in in-vitro condition. The enriched fraction was found to inhibit the function of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme when tested against S. indica leaves and found toxic to rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera) lesser grain borer Rhyzopertha dominica (L.) (Coleoptera) and red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.) (Coleoptera) with the LC 50 values of 101.887, 189.908 and 115.1 µg/L respectively after 24 h exposure. The bioactive enriched fraction (sub-fraction-III) was isolated from ethyl acetate extracts of D. (Dilleniaceae) were studied against three coleopterans stored-products insects. In the present study, the fumigant property, and biochemical effects of Dillenia indica L. Hence, the development of a potent insecticide with biodegradable and eco-friendly nature is the need of the hour. The Last four decades have witnessed the banning of several synthetic insecticides mainly due to the development of resistance to the target pests and due to hazardous effects on humans and the environment.
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